The Ultimate Guide for Swimming Pool Lighting

Gone are the days of simple pools equipped with a single 500-watt incandescent bulb positioned at the deep end, mostly to illuminate the bottom of the pool. Modern pools include tanning ledges, infinity edges, built-in seating, spas, and stunning water features—turning lighting design into an art form. Underwater lighting isn’t just a finishing touch anymore; it’s a must-have that combines safety, style, and functionality in one glowing masterpiece. LED lighting technology has redefined backyard and pool illumination, turning ordinary outdoor spaces into breathtaking nighttime retreats. With their exceptional brightness and vast spectrum of colors, LED lights enhance the beauty of the water, casting a mesmerizing glow that transforms any pool into a visual masterpiece. Homeowners can fine-tune their lighting schemes to set the perfect mood—whether for a tranquil, starlit swim or a dynamic, party-ready atmosphere.

CALCULATING HOW MANY LIGHTS YOU NEED

Proper lighting design starts with understanding placement and quantity. A common rule of thumb when designing a pool with nicheless LED lights is to place one light fixture every 8 feet or the nearest whole number.

This rule works well for standard rectangular pools, but freeform pools or those with unique shapes may require additional lighting to achieve balanced illumination.

LIGHTING GOALS: BALANCING SAFETY & AESTHETICS

A well-lit pool should eliminate dark spots, avoid hot spots, and create a seamless glow. Here’s how to achieve this balance:

More low-wattage lights are better than fewer high-wattage lights. While total wattage remains similar, spreading the light sources ensures uniform brightness.

Darker pool finishes require more lighting. Lighter finishes reflect light, while darker finishes absorb it, meaning extra lighting may be needed.

FACTORS IN DECIDING LIGHT QUANTITY

Several elements influence the number and location of lights:

• Pool or Spa size & shape – Complex curves or water features require strategic placement.
• Position relative to the house – Avoid placing lights where they directly shine into viewing areas.
• Pool finish color – Lighter finishes need fewer lights than darker ones.
• Features such as tanning shelves, steps, and benches – These areas may need supplemental lighting.
• Intended use – Nighttime swimming or entertaining pools benefit from extra illumination.

LIGHT PLACEMENT STRATEGY

Orientation Matters

Always position lights so the beam is directed away from the house or main entertainment areas to prevent glare.

• Parallel to the house: Install lights on the wall closest to the house so the pool glows without direct glare.
• Perpendicular to the house: Position lights away from primary seating areas like patios and lounge spaces.

Depth Considerations

• Deep ends (greater than 12 feet): Place lights between 18–24 inches below the waterline.
• Shallow ends: Lights should be 9–12 inches below the surface.
• Tanning shelves: Lights should sit 4 inches below the waterline to create a soft shimmer.
• Spas: Lights should be placed below the bench or in the footwell to prevent guests from blocking the light when seated.

Pro Tip: Indirect light from a nearby tree or structure can optimize the lighting without creating a hot spot for shallow areas.

LED LIGHTING: ENERGY SAVINGS & SAFETY

The shift to LED technology has revolutionized pool lighting, making it more efficient, long-lasting, and customizable:

• Energy efficiency: LED lights use up to 89% less energy than incandescent bulbs, significantly lowering electricity costs.
• Safety: Low-voltage LED lighting (12V-24V) reduces the risk of electric shock in water environments.
• Longevity: LEDs last 50,000+ hours, reducing maintenance and replacement costs.

NIGHTSCAPING: EXPANDING BEYOND THE POOL

"Nightscaping" is the art of designing outdoor lighting to extend the usability of backyard spaces after dark. By incorporating LED landscape lighting, homeowners can highlight architectural features, illuminate pathways for safety, and enhance the ambiance of their pool area. Well-placed lights create a seamless transition between water and land, ensuring a cohesive, beautifully lit environment.

With their exceptional brightness and vast spectrum of colors, LED lights enhance the beauty of the water, casting a mesmerizing glow that transforms any pool into a visual masterpiece. Homeowners can fine-tune their lighting schemes to set the perfect mood —LED lighting technology has redefined backyard and pool illumination, turning ordinary outdoor spaces into breathtaking nighttime retreats. 

Looking on the Bright Side

Ultimately, you decide if more is better. No one has complained of having too many pool lights yet! Learn how J Designs can help you craft a custom lighting plan for your next renovation or new pool project that provides safety and aesthetics.

While one light per 8 feet is the baseline standard, factors like pool shape, features, and finishes influence the final design. A poorly lit pool can have dark spots and uneven illumination, but an over-lit pool can feel too harsh. The key is achieving balance—ensuring visibility, enhancing beauty, and optimizing safety. Investing in a well-planned pool lighting design before construction saves money, improves aesthetics, and enhances your outdoor experience for years to come.